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The micro-morphology, superhydrophobicity, adhesive property and chemical composition of the butterfly wing surface were investigated by a scanning electron microscope (SEM), a contact angle (CA) meter and a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR). The wetting mechanism of the butterfly wing was discussed from the perspective of biological coupling. The butterfly wing displays multiple-dimensional structural anisotropism. The micrometric scales constitute the primary structure, the submicrometric vertical ribs and horizontal bridges constitute the secondary structure, and the nano stripes constitute the tertiary structure. The wing surface is of superhydrophobicity (CA 150.4~155.7°) and low adhesion (sliding angle 1~4°). The water droplet exhibits directional sliding behavior on the wing. The scale plays a crucial role in determining the self-cleaning property of the wing. Using butterfly wing as a bio-template, superhydrophobic polymer (polydimethylsiloxane, PDMS) film was prepared by soft lithography. The rough micro-morphology and wettability of the butterfly wing were replicated very well to the biomimetic film with water CA of 151.5°. The cooperation of hydrophobic material and rough microstructure contributes to the special wettability of the wing. The butterfly wing can be potentially used as a template for biomimetic design of functional surface with complex wettability.

Directional Wettability of Butterfly Wing and Biomimetic Preparation of Superhydrophobic Polymer Film by Soft Lithography