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Nanodiamond seeding is a well-established approach to enhance the nucleation density in chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond growth. However, nanodiamond seeding is highly dependent on the properties of nanodiamond particles, the solvent and the substrate. In this work we present a simple electrostatic self-assembly method to enhance the nucleation of diamond film on cemented carbide (WC-Co) substrates. The nanodiamond particles were adsorbed to WC-Co substrate surfaces governed by electrostatic interactions, which can be controlled by the surface groups of the particles and the pH of a solvent. By varying the pH of the media, the nanodiamond particles were rendered either positively or negatively charged. The positive charged nanodiamond particles (pH < 2.5) enhanced the nucleation of diamond on oxidized WC-Co substrates. The highest nucleation density of diamond on WC-Co substrates was achieved to be 1.0 ± 0.1 × 10 10 cm -2 , which is comparable to the highest record achieved by applying bias voltage to generate plasma. The nanodiamond particles also shortened the incubation time of diamond nucleation to less than 10 min on TiB2 interlayer. This electrostatic induced adsorption of diamond nanoparticles is crucial for the development of ultra-high nucleation densities for the growth of high performance nanocrystalline diamond films, especially for micro sized tools with sharp cutting edges applying for Micro and Nano Electro-Mechanical Systems.

Enhanced Diamond Nucleation on Cemented Carbide Cutting Tools by Employing Electrostatic Self-Assembly Seeding