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Examination method of duplex stainless steel is considered as study case, and TRIZ contradiction matrix theory, 40 inventive principles and substance-field model are synthetically utilized to solve examination problems. Methods of two-phase microstructure examination of duplex stainless steel with TRIZ methods are analyzed. Finally the practical application of TRIZ and the superiority of TRIZ theory are validated. Introduction To research the relationship among component, structure and property is one of the important missions of the physical metallurgy. And the depth of research depended on the capacity of identification of the inner structure of the metallic material. Therefore metallographic examination is one of the most important segments in the field of metallic material science. On research or application of metallic material, there are two important aspects. First, the result of the structure and the property of metallic material depended on the component. If it is going to be improved, lots of physical and chemical inspections have to be done. Second, the relation and changing laws among component, structure and property are proved by large amount of physical and chemical inspection too. Therefore the metallographic examination is very significant and useful in the above aspects. In conclusion, in the field of research or application of metallic material, metallographic examination is very necessary. Liu proposed a new method about examination on the heterogeneity of ledeburite eutectic carbide. This new method tried to increase efficiency and streamline the examination processes. E. Schaberger tried to use the electrolysis etching method to make the electrolyte for aluminum alloy-Barker 70 use in the die casting magnesium alloy-AZ91HP. And it was success in revealing the colorful grains and the dendritic crystal inside the grains. Yuan described the metallographic examination key point of the 18-10 stainless steel. Obviously, methods in this field are mainly based on the experiences and some traditional methods such as brainstorming method or trial-and-error method. TRIZ theory is not widely used in this territory. Case Study Microscopic metallographic examination and analysis are the important methods to study the inner structure of metallic material. By measuring the 2D metallographic phase, the 3D morphology can be calculated and confirmed. After that, the relationship among alloying component, micro structure and mechanical property can be built. And it can provide the reliable data for the estimate and usage of the metallic material. In general, microscope is the most common instrument for microscopic metallographic examination. By this instrument, the treated specimen will be observed. For different material, different micro structure will be found inside the microscope. By observing the metallographic phase, the research and analysis for the metallic material can be carried out. In the past, most analysis on metallographic examination is qualitative analysis. It is said that people can only judge the component phases of the metallic material but cannot judge the quantity of each phase. Usually people make the judgment by their theoretical knowledge and working experience. For example, Fig.1 and Fig.2 were from different materials, one is iron and the other is International Conference on Information Sciences, Machinery, Materials and Energy (ICISMME 2015) © 2015. The authors Published by Atlantis Press 472 stainless steel. But they are very similar. Fig.1 is the iron metallographic photo and Fig.2 is the stainless steel metallographic photo, and there is one phase in Fig.1 but two in Fig.2. For the iron, 99% of the structure is the ferrite, it is no need to study the content of iron. But for the stainless steel, there are two phase inside (ferrite and austenite), and the proportion of each part will affect the property of the material obviously. Therefore it is necessary to study and tell the content of each phase in the field of stainless steel. But if we have these black and white photos only, boundary of ferrite and austenite can be seen and ferrite and austenite can be told. But what the proportion of each one will be a big problem and it seem to be a very tough. Fig.1 Metallographic Photo of Iron Fig.2 Metallographic Photo of Stainless Steel Solution of TRIZ If the problem is considered to be a Su-Field model, then transfer the specific problem into the Su-Field model problem is the first step. The procedures are as follow[4,5]: 1) Identify the component of the Su-Field model. According to the above case and the TRIZ theory, the metallographic phase, eyes and visual field are identified to the S1, S2 and F1. 2) Build Su-Field model In this case, the key point is that boundary of the ferrite and austenite can be seen but these two phases cannot be told and the quantities of each one cannot be calculated. To solve this problem with TRIZ method, we can build the sketch map of Su-Field model as shown in Fig.3. In this case, three components of the Su-Field are all complete, but the interaction of them is not efficient enough. This situation belongs to Type 4 of the general solution of the Su-Field (Insufficiency model). Fig.3 Su-Field model 3) Confirm the general solution of Su-Field model According to the general solution of the Su-Field model type 4, the second field should be added to reinforce the useful effect. Su-Field model is as shown in Fig.4. Then the suitable field for this model should be selected. Usually there are many fields can be selected, such as gravitational field, electromagnetic field, nuclear field, mechanical field, chemical field, and heat field. For this case, tell the difference between ferrite and austenite, and confirm the quantities of each phase are the final objective. But base on the black and white metallographic photos, it is difficult to tell the ferrite and Visual Field

Examination Method of Duplex Stainless Steel Based on TRIZ