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Children with intellectual disability (ID) and poor vision show limitations in adaptive functioning. This is influenced by their intellectual impairment and poor eye function. They need support to carry out everyday activities. Therefore, mastery of self-help skills is very important for their independence. They require special support to master these skills. Self-help skills consist of many abilities, such as buttoning skills, which is one skill set required for dressing. Buttoning skills comprise a complex behavior chain that consists of a stepped sequence. To master these skills, children must know every step of buttoning in order, then master each step, and do it in sequence. Thus, buttoning can be trained by using a backward chaining technique. This technique breaks down the skills into a chain of simple steps so that children find it easier to master. Children begin training at the final step, which is the easiest step in the chain. They are taught to master all the steps completely. This study evaluated the effectiveness of backward chaining to improve buttoning skills in a child with ID and poor vision. Eight sessions of the intervention were conducted over eight days. Results revealed the backward chaining technique was effective at improving the child’s independent buttoning skills.

The Effectiveness of Backward Chaining in Improving Buttoning Skills in a Child with Moderate Intellectual Disability and Poor Vision: Single-Case Design