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More population and less land is the main contradiction in the process of urbanization in China. Residential buildings developing upward and downward, not only made the impervious surface area increased, increasing more surface runoff, but also the underground impervious area increased, jointly cutting the connection between the rainfall infiltration and groundwater recharge and further reducing groundwater recharge and enhancing the heat island effect of the city. A case study of the construction of Jinan urban district, the concept of underground impervious rate, effect evaluating of underground impervious rate on recharge of karst groundwater, the relationship analysis between the actual impervious surface rate, impervious surface rate and runoff calculating method are proposed. The result shows the impervious area after construction is an important factor which causes 93% of the loss of surface water recharging into karst groundwater compared with before construction. Finally, the concept of construction and development of water ecological community in Jinan was proposed according to the special geographical features and the construction of the pilot project of the sponge city in Jinan.

The overlying influence of underground structure and impermeable surface of the ground on groundwater recharge in residential area construction