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This article analyzes the rivalry between President SBY and Luhut Pandjaitan in the nationalization of PT. Inalum. The rivalry has confirmed the perceived emergence of oligarchy in Indonesia, as proposed by Winters. In addition, the process of the growth of oligarchy has resulted in the resurgence of patrimonialism. It implies that both of the groups survive and establish military patrimonialism in reformation era. Both groups are two different entities competing in several matters, including the nationalization of PT Inalum. This study employs two main theoretical frames of oligarchy and patrimonialism. It argued that the competition between the two oligarchic groups reveals the resurgence, growth, and development of oligarchy after the initial emergence in the New Order. This study reveals that reformation has transformed patron-client relationship initially established in the New Order and later grown and strengthened in reformation era to become oligarchy. The oligarchy has resulted in competition for economic resources among oligarchic groups.

Emergence of Military-Based Oligarchy in Reformation Era (The Case Study of Rivalry between SBY and Luhut B Pandjaitan in the Nationalization of PT Inalum)