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The heat transfer and turbulent flow inside U-tubes in steam generator (SG) are studied. A flow model based on one-dimensional Oberbeck-Boussinesq equation is proposed and improved to analyze the phenomenon of reverse flow. The relationship between the mass flow velocity and pressure drop is established, and the characteristic mass flow velocity (CMFV) and characteristic pressure drop (CPD) are defined. The effect of inner diameter on the reverse flow in SG U-tubes can be obtained by analyzing the CMFV and CPD. The results show that the relationship between SG U-tube inner diameter and pressure drop is nonlinear and has a maximum, and the reverse flow happens more easily in SG U-tubes with the smaller inner diameter.

Analysis of Reverse Flow for Single Phase Fluid Inside U-Tubes of Steam Generator