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The digitization of the national cultural heritage and relics are actualized through virtual reality technology. Research on the protection and display of digitization of the national cultural heritage lies in the 3D scanning techniques, 3D color model and 3D texture mapping, which explains the operational principle. Scanning the relics through the 3D scanner, the denoising and splicing of data and the post – processing of texture mapping result in 3D digital models. 3D scanning technology is used to research the basic process and method of digital cultural relics. Keywords-virtual reality; digitization; 3Dscanning techniques; 3D color model; texture mapping China’s thousand-year-long history provides the Chinese nation and the world with a precious cultural heritage including the tangible cultural heritage of scenic spots and historical sites and rare relics and the in tangible cultural heritage of dancing, poetry and mythology. Intangible cultural heritage can be preserved through a variety of ways, such as books, audio, video etc. However, with the fleeting of time and the impact of human activity, a lot of tangible cultural heritages have been destroyed. How to use advanced technology to protect these cultural heritage has been imminent. the rapid development of computer technology and the rising of virtual reality technology bring a new dawn for cultural heritage –the highprecision and high-fidelity digital heritage protection technology of cultural heritage [1] . I. THE PROTECTION AND DISPLAY OF THE VIRTUAL REALITY AND DIGITALIZATION OF CULTURAL RELICS Virtual reality (Virtual reality, VR), as a 3D-virtual-spaced analog system through which to be able to create and experience virtual world, is a 3D environment created by computer to produce such a feeling of indulging in virtual environment through human’s function of vision, audition and tactile sensation that humanizes human-computer communication and enables users to interact directly with information. The protection and display of digitization of the national cultural heritage firstly, lies in digital photography, 3D scanning and 3D color model through which heritage entities can be used to set up a substantial 3D or model database to preserve the important resource of relation between original various data and space of relics and actualize scientific, highprecision and the permanent preservation of the realization of rare heritage resources. Secondly, making use of virtual reality technology through which network makes overall exhibition of heritage more realistic. It can become cultural heritage possessed by all human. The digitalization of heritage not only enables the 3D expression and virtual display. More importantly, accurate digital model of heritage record the true 3D and texture information of original heritage, providing important data and model support for the repair and restoration of heritage [2~3] . This paper will discuss on the technology relating to Digital cultural relics protection and display of digitization of the heritage, among them 3D scanning techniques is one of the means widely used in the digitization of the heritage [4] . II. 3D SCANNING TECHNOLOGY A. The working principle of 3D scanner The core principle of 3D laser scanning is laser ranging. Laser light irradiate to the surface of the measured object through 3D laser scanner send a line and collect the reflection information. Measuring the distance of the multi-point in the surface of scanned object, and obtain the 3D data of the cloud point relative position from the object surface. Figure 1. Vivid 910 3D scanner Then processed by computer software, rebuilding the model of point, line and solid rapidly. Laser scanning equipment is divided into two: contact and non-contact. We commonly use non-contact 3D laser scanner for heritage scanning.The data obtained by scanner are in the form of point, because of the number of points is enormous and organized for each scan. This set of points is vividly called the "Point Cloud". Point cloud file can be sliced browsing, surface treatment and 3D modeling to meet the needs of data processing person [5] . Supported by the central fund for young college teachers. (13NZYQN15) LI Jianyang (1979), Research Assistant, Research direction: computer simulation, database International Conference on Computer Science and Service System (CSSS 2014) © 2014. The authors Published by Atlantis Press 242 B. Based on 3D laser scanning technology to obtain 3D model of heritage Based on the current 3D scanning technology we could get historical relic’s apparent point cloud data so that we able to work out its CAD stereoscopic model through some post processing. Or mapping on the 3D saner by the technology of image processing in order to make the digital models of historical relic more vivid. Not only could reserve them permanently or work for research, but also could put into use on the historical relic’s virtual exhibition.Mainly including these following tips: 1 ) Data collecting Original points point cloud data gain from the 3D laser scanner generally. It’s worthy nothing that environment and the size of historical relic often limit to the process. First of all, putting the equipment on the control point in order to accomplish the directional block surface. Besides, you could adjust the historical relic if it small enough. There have no possible that we gain the complete in formations at a time, so we must check it again and again. In order to joint them expediently, we always collect data by turn the object 45 degree Angle when we attempt to collect data till we could gain all the surface information of the historical relic. 2)Data Processing The raw point data obtained through the 3D laser scanner is very large, also there exit noise data. According to modeling requirements, we need to remove the noise in the data point, so that we can obtain follow up data required for modeling process. The template is used to format your paper and style the text. All margins, column widths, line spaces, and text fonts are prescribed; please do not alter them. You may note peculiarities. For example, the head margin in this template measures proportionately more than is customary. This measurement and others are deliberate, using specifications that anticipate your paper as one part of the entire proceedings, and not as an independent document. Please do not revise any of the current designations. a)Data de-noising Due to the external environment and instrument itself and many other factors, requiring data often produces noise points and easily makes errors in the modeling process. So there is no doubt that we must eliminate these noise points in the data processing. As for the obvious noise points, generally, we can directly remove them through the judgment of naked eyes, while those inconspicuous noise and the noise of instrument itself can be identified by the intensity of laser scanning echo signal. if the intensity of echo signal is lower than the threshold, the distance signal value will be invalid. Utilizing the median filter, we can take singular points out of it. After that, we can make use of the surface fitting to kick the front obstruction. According to different conditions, Cloud Point de-noising works out corresponding handle, especially the way the combination of manual operation and software to get rid of the noise points. b)Data splicing Adopting three point fixing, when we match the two cloud points, picking out three featured data points from the two-data coincide fragment respectively. While selecting, we should avoid the three points on the same line or coordinate plane to ensure the data-joint precise. Feature point can selected by the surface characteristics, if necessary, making the feature signs before scanning, which is helpful for accurately ensure the centralized common points between the two cloud point and enhances the data precise in the tiling fitting. III. THE ACHIEVEMENT OF CULTURAL RELICS 3D COLOR

Virtual Reality_Digital preservation and display of the national cultural heritage