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The given article presents the results of comparative analysis of set comparisons in three languages: Kabardian, Ossetian and Russian. We have analyzed the structural features of set comparisons and the reflection of national linguistic views of the world in them. The interest of the research focuses on the assertion of general and specific in object comparison, grounds for comparison, set language estimations, contained in reproducible units with comparative semantics. The results revealed significant differences in national languages. The meaning of a specific set comparison is determined by linguistic experience, that is intuitive knowledge of representatives of this or that culture, as the logical and comparative link between elements, characteristic for set comparisons, is fixed in the language consciousness of people as a figurative expression, notable for its reproduction. Knowledge of cultural realities, on which the image of a set comparison is based, is very important for the adequate perception of speech as well as for the correct understanding of its figurative meaning on the whole. And on the contrary, ignorance of them entails inaccurate or wrong understanding of the whole utterance in the process of oral communication. In the course of the research, we established that the set comparisons that are based on concepts and facts, related exclusively to history, culture, way of life, traditions and the like of the given people do not have a universal meaning, often contain onomastic components: toponyms and anthroponyms. The national and cultural component of semantics of such set comparisons is distinguished by the wealth of cultural connotations, historical, social, literary and other associations. The view of the world in different national cultures develops from different images, so the difference in mentality of North Caucasian ethnic groups from that of the Russian seems quite natural. People in North Caucasus and in Central Russia perceive and express the same universal concepts by means of their native language quite differently. It is also worth noting that the national specificity of set comparisons manifests in the ways and forms of figurative rethinking of real facts as well as in characteristic features of lexical, semantic and grammatical system of a specific language.

National Specificity of Set Comparisons in Three Languages: Russian, Ossetian and Kabardian