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The article describes the idea of "structural rationalism" as the most important trend in the architecture of the XIX early XX centuries. The origin of the idea of "structural rationalism" belongs to the period of total classicism domination. This idea is related to the rational recognition of the structure of Gothic architecture. The basic principles of structural rationalism were formulated by the middle of the XIX century. In the 1890s rationalism produced great results in design practice when the period commercial exploitation of steel and reinforced concrete structures began together with the spread of a combined design structure. By the beginning of the XX century the conditions for the spread of structural rationalism trends were formed in the cities of the southern Russia. Structural rationalism was reflected in the architecture of large trading houses, commercial apartment buildings and public buildings.

“Structural Rationalism” as a Trend in Architecture of the Second Half of the XIX — Early XX Centuries: In the Context of the Cities in the South of Russia