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The article discusses the main approaches to determining the place of criminology in the system of sciences. In accordance with the first point of view, which is by most researchers in the West and in Russia shared, criminology is the sociology of crime. The recognition of criminology as the sociology of crime does not at all preclude the need for an interdisciplinary approach to the study of various aspects of criminological issues. In the second approach, criminology is as a legal science considered. In the third approach, criminology is as a study of human behavior defined. The fourth approach defines criminology as an interdisciplinary science, a system of international knowledge and methods of interdisciplinary research. Each of these approaches has its “pros” and “cons”, which does not exclude their legitimacy and validity, the problem is their actualization at a particular moment to solve specific research problems. The problems that are especially relevant for Russian criminology are considered. The task of criminology is the creation of effective means of counteracting destructive forces, the formation of new approaches to ensuring national security. The practical and scientific significance of criminology involves the formation of analysis skills and techniques, knowledge of the methodology and modern research methods.

Criminology in Modern Russia: Its Place in the System of Science and Role in Life of Society