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The proposed mathematical models for the calculation of the temperature field and the process of nucleation and growth of a grain in the electrode material of a plasmatron allow conducting numerical simulation of various modes of operation of a hollow cathode and evaluating the change in the structure of a material during electrode heating and using them to study and to improve the operating characteristics of hollow cathodes of vacuum plasmotrons. Keywords— plasmatron, cathode, heat flow, temperature field, recrystallization, structure, grain

Heat transfer and modeling hollow cathode material structural state of vacuum plasmatron