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Curcuma zanthorrhiza Roxb., known as Javanese turmeric or temulawak in Indonesia, has been reported to have several biological activities, including anticarcinogenic effects. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of temulawak rhizome extract on the cell viability, cell cycle distribution, apoptosis induction, and antimigratory effect of human breast cancer cell line. The rhizome powdre was macerated using ethanol 96% to obtain dry extract. The cell lines (MCF-7 and 4T1) were subjected to increasing doses of temulawak extract and cell viability was quantified by MTT assay. Cell cycle profile and apoptosis induction were done using flow cytometry assay. In vitro wound healing assay was performed on 4T1 cells to evaluate antimigratory effect. Temulawak extract inhibited the growth of MCF-7 and 4T1 cells with the IC50 value 46 and 37 μg/ml respectively. Temulawak extracts induced cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase and apoptosis in MCF-7 and 4T1 cells. The extract was not show anti-migration effect in wound healing assay. This study confirms the potential cytotoxic effects of temulawak in breast cancer cell line and could be developed as a potential chemopreventive agent.

Curcuma zanthorrhiza Extracts Induce G2/M Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in 4T1 and MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cells