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There are over two million hectares of  Acacia  plantations in Vietnam and loss from infestations of ambrosia beetles is of increasing concern. In this study, we first determined the key taxa and the extent of damage, and then identified effective trap and lure combinations for trapping adult beetles, and finally quantified the seasonality of flight of  Euwallacea  for informing pest management decisions. Based on analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene, the greatest threats were confirmed as  Euwallacea fornicatus  and  E. similis  (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), which are native to Southeast Asia but known as invasive species in South Africa and elsewhere. The damage incidence of  Euwallacea  ranged from 16.7% to 34.9% in  Acacia  plantations throughout Vietnam. There were no significant differences in the numbers of beetles captured between the three trap types (plastic bottles, funnels and panels). Ethanol and quercivorol were more effective as lures than cubeb oil, α-pinene or a distilled water control. Trapping from June 2020 to May 2021 revealed a bimodal frequency of  E. fornicatus  and  E. similis  in  A. mangium  and  Acacia  hybrid plantations, with captures peaking in April (spring) and October (autumn). These findings can be applied to develop early detection and trapping control programmes for  Euwallacea  in  Acacia  plantations in Vietnam and elsewhere.

Impacts and trapping of ambrosia beetles Euwallacea fornicatus and E. similis in Acacia plantations in Vietnam