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First-time observations of courtship behaviour of the Endangered shortfin devil ray  Mobula kuhlii  are described from the Aliwal Shoal Marine Protected Area (MPA), KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Three events of  M. kuhlii  courtship, called ‘mating trains’, were recorded on video during the months of November 2020 and January 2021. These included a near-term pregnant female, and two lead females followed by up to four males. The common behaviours associated with courtship were documented: multiple males following a single female, rapid speed bursts, avoidance of the female, and swerving. This study confirms that  M. kuhlii  mating occurs in KwaZulu-Natal waters and that courtship is similar across mobulids. The findings demonstrate the importance of the habitat provided by the Aliwal Shoal MPA for this currently unprotected species.

‘Flash Mobula ’: first observations of courtship behaviour of the shortfin devil ray Mobula kuhlii