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Fluid inclusions linked to two quartz veins from the bottom of Hole 960A were studied using microthermometry and Raman microprobe analysis. Results suggest that circulation of hot fluid (160°–170°C) under low pressure (10–20 M occurred within the marginal ridge of the Ivory Coast-Ghana Transform Margin. The fluid composition varies with time, and either seawater or a mixture of H 2O-CH4-CO2 fluids. Possible sources of heat for these fluids include circulation in friction zones linked to transform-fault dynamics, either at depth in a thinned continental crust or in the hot oceanic crust south o he sampled area. The passage of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge axis to the south of the sampled zone occurred later than the vein tion and therefore cannot be considered a heat source. n m t e idary ity ein tes P2 f the that on zing tingth n n INTRODUCTION The inclusions of fluids in minerals are witnesses of fluid circulation trapped during (primary inclusions) or after (secondary fluid inclusions) the crystallization of the host minerals. Their analysis allows reconstruction of the characteristics and the history of these presently inactive thermal systems. In the case of a marginal ridge adjacent to a margin transform fault, different heat sources are possible and have been proposed. These include sedimentary and/or tectonic burials and thermal flow induced by the friction along the fault. In the case of the Ivory Coast-Ghana Transform Margin, other sources might have existed, especially in relation to the presence and displacement of an oceanic lithosphere with a mid-oceanic ridge in contact with the sampled zone (Mascle and Blarez, 1987; Basile et al., 1993). The characteristics of the organic matter recovered during Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 159, the thermal maturation of the clay minerals in these sediments (Shipboard Scientific Party, 1996), and the alteration of the microfauna caused by the temperature increase at the bottom of Hole 960A (Masure et al., Chap. 24, this volume) also suggest the existence of such a thermal anomaly. Fluid inclusion studies (microthermometric and Raman analyses) were therefore undertaken to determine the pressure-volume-temperature-composition (PVTX) characteristics of the fluids present in the marginal ridge and to retrace a part of the thermal history of the constituent sediments.

The paleofluids from the marginal ridge of the Côte d'Ivoire-Ghana Transform Margin (Hole 960A) as thermal indicators