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Studies of thin sections of basalts from Sites 597, 599, 601, and 602 of Leg 92 reveal textural and mineralogical variations both within and between holes. Hole 597C, the most successful hole drilled to date in crust from a fast-spreading ridge, contains plagioclase-clinopyroxene basalts with abundant titanomagnetite. Minor olivine is present in the upper and lower basalts but is lacking in the interval between. The mineralogical variations cannot be correlated with any specific igneous contacts within the basalt section. A series of fine-grained chill zones occurs in the cores, but no clear-cut igneous contacts are present. A continuum of textures, from fine-grained spherulitic through ophitic, is observed, with both chilled zones and normal basalts coarsening downward in the hole. Rocks from Sites 599 and 601 closely resemble those from Site 597; Site 602 yielded fragments of fine-grained basalts characterized by embayed olivine phenocrysts. Textural relationships and crystal morphologies in Site 597 basalts suggest that two or three massive flows were created by multiple injections of lava into a cooling section. The upper lavas were carrying crystals formed before eruption; the lower flows may have crystallized from partially or completely molten magma. The chilled zones, which lack true quenched margins, appear to have been formed by multiple intrusions during the creation of the major basalt units. The basalts from all the sites are similar to previously drilled rocks from the East Pacific Rise and Mendoza Rise but include coarser sections formed at slower cooling rates or higher temperatures.

Petrography of Basalts from Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 92