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The Pliocene and Pleistocene sections recovered in a south-north transect (38-42°N, 155°E) in the northwestern Pacific during Leg 86 are largely undeformed, owing to use of the hydraulic piston corer. Twenty-two diatom datum levels are ranked and tied directly to the paleomagnetic reversal record. The following datum levels are biostratigraphically useful: (1) first appearance datum (FAD) Thalassiosira oestrupii, 5.10-5.35 m.y. ago, (2) FAD Nitzschia jouseae, 4.50 m.y. ago, (3) FAD Denticulopsis seminae var. fossilis, 3.36-3.70 m.y. ago, (4) last appearance datum (LAD) Denticulopsis kamtschatica, 2.50-2.58 m.y. ago, (5) LAD Thalassiosira convexa, 2.30 m.y. ago, (6) FAD Pseudoeunotia doliolus, 1.89-2.00 m.y. ago, (7) LAD Actinocyclus oculatus, 0.93-1.33 m.y. ago, (8) LAD Nitzschia reinholdii, 0.47-0.52 m.y. ago, (9) LAD Rhizosolenia curvirostris, 0.30-0.35 m.y. ago. A new diatom zonation, based on these first-order datum levels, is proposed for the middle latitude Pliocene and Pleistocene. The middle to upper Miocene section recovered at Site 581 (44°N, 160°E) provides a new diatom zonation, based on second-order datum levels, for the high latitude Miocene. A late Miocene hiatus spanning the interval from 8.2 to 10.1 m.y. ago is identified at Site 581. The hiatus corresponds to Hiatus NH 5 of Keller and Barren (1983).

Neogene Diatom Biostratigraphy of the Middle Latitude Western North Pacific, Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 86