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A two dimensional finite element analysis is used to describe the mechanical behavior of a sedimentary cover subjected to compressive forces resulting from subduction. My approach consists of the construction, for the crust-sediment set, of mechanical models for a given rheology, and the study of the deformation in relation to boundary conditions. I assume that rocks behave like viscoelastic bodies during the process of geological deformation. Consideration has been given to the following parameters: the presence of a décollement with acoustically stratified sediments beneath, the lithology (composition of nature) and thickness of sediments above the décollement, and the convergence rate. This enables me to compare observations made in the specific case of the Lesser Antilles arc. The main results are (1) the sedimentary covery displays a compressional stress field; (2) a décollement has appreciable effects on the mechanism of low-angle thrust faulting; (3) variations in sediment strength produce variations in strain rates and thus in the ability of sedimentary cover to be deformed; and (4) sediment thickness and the convergence rate affect the amplitude of deformation.

Numerical Modeling of Sediment Deformation Linked to Subduction: Mechanical Model and Comparison with Barbados Ridge Complex