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The hot-spot origin of the Hawaiian and Emperor chains suggested by Wilson (1963a, b) and Morgan (1971, 1972) has become an attractive working hypothesis for the origin of these large volcanic features in the north-central Pacific Ocean. The age data gathered so far are in general agreement with movement of the Pacific plate over the hot spot at nearly constant speed of 8 cm/year (Dalrymple et al., this volume). Paleomagnetic data obtained at Midway Atoll (Grommé and Vine, 1972) and at Meiji Seamount at the northern end of the Emperor Seamount chain (Marshall, 1978) suggest low paleolatitudes for these volcanoes, and are therefore consistent with the hot-spot origin. Because the data are very limited, however, full evaluation of the hot-spot theory by paleomagnetic methods has been impossible to this day. With the drilled samples from öjin (Hole 430A), Nintoku (Hole 432A), and Suiko seamounts (Holes 433A, 433B, 433C), we have tried to obtain reliable paleolatitudes of these seamounts and to reconstruct the movement of the Pacific plate in the period 0-70 m.y. with data from various sources. As the stability of natural remanent magnetization (NRM) is generally very high, and as we have samples from more than sixty separate lava flow units on Suiko (Hole 433C), we have enough material to assess the extent of paleosecular variation (PSV) in the North Pacific about 65 m.y. ago. As we shall see, the magnitude of PSV obtained from the present seamounts is much larger than the values reported for the recent and upper Tertiary volcanics on Hawaiian islands (Doell and Cox, 1971, 1972). This, in turn, suggests that the Midway and Meiji data may only represent partial sampling of PSV, and their paleolatitudes may contain much larger uncertainties than the nominal confidence intervals suggest.

Paleomagnetism of DSDP Leg 55 Basalts and Implications for the Tectonics of the Pacific Plate