English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

The Hawaiian Islands, the seamounts on the Hawaiian Ridge, and The Emperor Seamounts are part of the Hawaiian-Emperor chain, a quasilinear array of Cenozoic shield volcanoes that stretches nearly 6000 kilometers across the floor of the Pacific (Figure 1, in pocket). This unusual geologic feature comprises some 107 individual volcanoes that represent more than 740 × 10 km of lava (Bargar and Jackson, 1974). At the southeast end of the chain lie the eight principal Hawaiian Islands, which have been the subject of scientific study since first described by the missionaries William Ellis and Joseph Goodrich in 1825-26 (Macdonald, 1976). The Island of Hawaii includes the chain's only active volcanoes, Mauna Loa and Kilauea, although both Hualalai volcano on Hawaii and Haleakala volcano on Maui have erupted in historic times. Between Kure and Niihau only a few of the volcanoes rise above the sea as small volcanic islets and atolls. Beyond Kure the volcanoes in the chain are entirely submerged beneath the sea. Approximately 3500 kilometers northwest of Hawaii, the Hawaiian chain bends sharply to the north and becomes the Emperor Seamounts, which continue northward 2300 km and disappear near the intersection of the Kurile and Aleutian trenches (Figure 1, in pocket). The volcanoes of the Hawaiian-Emperor chain were erupted onto the floor of the Pacific Ocean apparently without regard to the age or pre-existing structure of the oceanic crust. The age of the sea floor beneath the Hawaiian-Emperor volcanoes is poorly known because of the paucity of marine magnetic anomalies in the central Pacific, but the crust is known to be primarily Upper Cretaceous and older (Hilde et al., 1976). In addition, the chain cuts obliquely across the trend of both magnetic anomalies and transform faults. Several major fracture zones actually cross the chain without detec-

Introduction and Summary of Results from DSDP Leg 55, the Hawaiian-Emperor Hot-Spot Experiment