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On DSDP Leg 50, D/V Glomar Challenger drilled two deep bore holes, 415A and 416A, in the Moroccan Basin of the Atlantic Ocean, at the foot of the West African continental slope, approximately 150 km from the coast of Morocco. Hole 415A was stopped at a sub-bottom depth of 1079.5 meters, in upper-Albian deposits. Hole 416A reached a depth of 1624 meters and penetrated Upper Jurassic deposits. A characteristic feature of the investigated sections is the diversity of sources of organic matter in the sediments. Sedimentological analysis reveals both pelagic and continental sediments in the sections. The continental sediments often contain structurally intact residues of higher plants. In some samples, amber grains were found. One of our tasks was to estimate the relative contributions of marine and continental organic material in the sediments and to ascertain the distinguishing features of geochemical evolution of mixed-origin organic matter, which is evidently characteristic of oceanic basins of continental peripheries. The considerable thickness of the penetrated sediments gave grounds for the hope of discerning certain transformations of organic matter with depth. The main stage of oil generation is known to begin in continental sedimentary profiles at depths of about 1500 meters. It was considered extremely interesting to estimate the state of organic matter at similar depths in the profile of oceanic sediments, since this is directly relevant to the estimation of prospects of oil formation in oceanic deposits. The methods applied in our organic matter studies are indicated in Figure 1. Individual components (hydrocarbons, resins, asphaltenes, humic acids) of organic matter were identified, and their concentration determined; the concentrations of bitumen and total organic carbon in the sediment were also determined. Bitumen and its fractions were studied by spectral methods in the UV, visible, and IR ranges, as well as by the ESR method. For all the isolated organic-matter components, the isotopic composition of carbon was determined. The hydrocarbon fraction of the extract was investigated by gas-liquid chromatography to assess the content of individual /z-alkanes and isoprenoids. An attempt was made to analyze bitumen by C NMRspectroscopy, using the Brucker HX-270 instrument. The quantity of matter, however, proved to be insufficient to obtain informative spectra. SAMPLING

A Study of Organic Matter from Deep Oceanic Bore Holes, Deep Sea Drilling Project Sites 415 and 416, in the Moroccan Basin