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This chapter presents observations on the occurrence of opal phytoliths, silicoflagellates, and coccoliths at Site 397 of Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 47A. Leg 47A began in March 1976 at the Canary Islands and ended at Vigo, Spain, in April 1976. Drilling yielded 156 cores at Site 397 on the continental slope off Cape Bojador (Figure 1). Light-microscope techniques were used to study the Neogene silicoflagellates, coccoliths, and opal phytoliths in 80 samples from Cores 1 to 98 (0 to 940 m) of Hole 397 and Cores 1 to 32 (707 to 1287 m) of Hole 397A. Biostratigraphic zonation for coccoliths follows Bukry (1973, 1975a); silicoflagellate zonation is explained in text. Silicoflagellate assemblages at Site 397 are late Pliocene and Quaternary. The species array is similar to that of the Walvis Ridge to the south (Site 362) and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge to the north (Site 333). Three new taxa of silicoflagellates are described: Dictyocha bojadorina n. sp., D. calida ampliata n. subsp., and D. perlaevis flexatella n. subsp. Two new combinations are proposed and discussed: Dictyocha constricta (Schulz) n. comb, and D. longispina (Lemmerman) n. comb. Opal phytoliths, which are silicified casts of epidermal cells from terrestrial plants, mainly grasses, occur in low or moderate abundance at some levels in the Pliocene and Quaternary of Cores 2 to 21. They are absent from the Miocene samples examined. The opal phytoliths are associated with fresh-water diatoms such as Melosira granulata. Together they suggest deposits that were enriched by airborne particles during arid times on the nearby continent (Kolbe, 1957; Folger et al, 1967).

Comments on Opal Phytoliths and Stratigraphy of Neogene Silicoflagellates and Coccoliths at Deep Sea Drilling Project Site 397 off Northwest Africa