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Three holes (127, 127A, 127B; latitude 35° 43.95'N, longitude 22° 29.67'.E) were drilled west of Crete in the Hellenic Trough during Leg 13 of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. These holes were placed near the north-eastern inner wall (arc side) of a partially filled oceanic trench which rims the Hellenic Island Arc in the eastern Mediterranean (Figure 1). All three holes in the Hellenic Trough bottomed in Lower Cretaceous limestones. The mode of emplacement of the Lower Cretaceous limestones—which apparently occur as blocks—in the trench setting is not clear, and interpretations have been controversial. Two hypotheses have been presented (see Chapter 9 of this volume): a) they represent a tectonic "melange" resulting from recent underthrusting of the Ionian Basin beneath the Hellenic Arc; b) they are exotic blocks (olistostrome) on a continental talus slope. The writer tends to accept the second alternative because a layer of Pliocene nannofossil ooze, 70 cm thick, was found to be intercalated between two hard rock sections (427 to 435.3 m and 436 to 437 m) in Hole 127. This ooze interbed also carries fragments of dolomite and limestone. Middle Pliocene foraminiferal nannofossil ooze (Discoaster surculus Zone) was again recovered in Core 19 taken at the bottom of Hole 127; that is, below the lowermost Lower Cretaceous blocks drilled here. Moreover, some of the Lower Cretaceous limestone fragments recovered in Core 1 of Hole 127B are embedded in an indurated matrix of greenish-gray pelagic OrbulinaGlobigerina marl of probable Pliocene age. LITHOLOGY AND FAUNAL CONTENT OF THE LOWER CRETACEOUS LIMESTONES

Lower Cretaceous Limestones from the Hellenic Trough, Ionian Basin (Site 127)