English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Degeneration of noradrenergic neurons may underlie the disabling nonmotor symptoms in patients with Parkinson disease (PD). Quantification of the loss of noradrenergic neurons by means of neuroimaging has been limited by the lack of radioligands that are selective for noradrenergic neurotransmission. The radioligand ( S,S )- 11 C-2-(α-(2-methoxyphenoxy)benzyl)morpholine ( 11 C-MeNER) is a highly selective inhibitor of noradrenaline transporters, and PET studies suggest that this radioligand is suitable for quantitative neuroimaging of noradrenergic deficits in human brain in vivo. In the present investigation, we used PET with 11 C-MeNER to map the density of noradrenaline transporters in groups of patients with PD and age-matched healthy controls. Methods: After administration of 11 C-MeNER, 15 nondemented patients with PD and 10 healthy subjects underwent 90-min dynamic PET. We determined 11 C-MeNER binding potential relative to nondisplaceable binding potential (BP ND ) by multilinear analysis, simplified reference tissue model 2, and multilinear reference tissue model 2. Results: Metabolism of 11 C-MeNER did not differ between groups. The simplified reference tissue model 2 and the multilinear reference tissue model 2 were used to determine 11 C-MeNER BP ND  11 C-MeNER BP ND was reduced in the PD group compared with the control subjects, with regionally significant declines in the thalamus and nucleus ruber. Tremor was associated with higher tracer binding in the PD group on multivariate regression analysis. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this was the first specific quantification of noradrenergic denervation in PD patients in vivo. In agreement with predictions from determinations in vitro, we discovered a decline of noradrenergic projections in vivo in brain of PD patients.

Noradrenergic Deficits in Parkinson Disease Imaged with 11C-MeNER

Noradrenergic Deficits in Parkinson Disease Imaged with ¹¹C-MeNER