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Chaya (Cnidoscolus chayamansa) is an edible leafy vegetable consumed in the southeast region of México and Central America; it is mainly appreciated for its protein content and bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols. In this work, chaya leaves were nutritionally characterized and used for the production of protein concentrates. The nutritional quality (amino acids, protein efficiency, and bioavailability) and structure by SDSPAGE, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) of protein were analyzed. Additionally, the amount of some polyphenolic compounds were identified by LCMS/MS. Electrophoretic bands from RuBisCO protein subunits at 10 kDa and 50 kDa were observed. FTIR identified the typical protein footprint of secondary structure and DSC measurements showed a denaturation temperature ~57 °C. Protein concentrates with a purity of 63.52 ± 0.69 % showed higher bioavailability than the control diet, and the essential amino acids met the FAO requirements without limiting amino acids. From the total polyphenol content, 14.8 % corresponded to anthocyanidins, 61.0 % hydroxycinnamic acids, 6.9 % hydroxybenzoic acids, and 17.2 % flavonols. Chaya leaves are a potential low-cost underutilized alternative source for the production of nutritional compounds for functional food product development for human nutrition.

Use of Chaya (Cnidoscolous chayamansa) Leaves for Nutritional Compounds Production for Human Consumption