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Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue tumor in children, representing approximately 50% of all soft tissue sarcomas and 3% to 4% of all cancers [1]. The genitourinary tract is the second most common primary site after the head and neck region [2]. Embryonal RMS is the most common type (60% 70% of all RMSs) arising in the pediatric female genitourinary tract [3], it occurs frequently in the vagina (median age 1.8 years). In contrast, uterine RMSs were most often seen during adolescence up to 20 years of age. Vaginal embryonal RMS is rare after puberty and exceptional in postmenopausal woman, accounting for 3% of all soft tissue sarcoma in adult woman [1,4]. Treatment is mainly based on chemotherapy followed by surgery and/or radiation therapy, but the prognosis of these lesions remains poor in adults. We report the case of a primary RMS of the vagina in 25 yearsold woman, while discussing epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of this rare entity.

Vaginal embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma in young woman: A case report and literature review