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Rabies is an acute viral disease which affects the cen­ tral nervous system of mammals and is characterized with encephalomyelitis and paralysis with inevitably fatal out­ come. According to the classification of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, the agent belongs to the order Mononegavirales, the family Rhabdoviridae and the genus Lyssavirus [16]. Rabies is estimated to cause more than 50,000 human deaths and kill more than a million of animals per year. Russia is currently infected with the disease. Rabies cases in various mammal species, notably, cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, horses, dogs, cats and wild carnivores, etc. are still re­ ported in the country [13]. Wild carnivores contacting with domestic and farm animals and transmitting the pathogen to them are the main source and natural reservoirs of ra­ bies [6]. The highest level of rabies incidence in livestock is observed among cattle [13]. Thus, 158 new outbreaks were reported in the Russian Federation in 2017 with the virus being identified in cattle [14]. Rabies specific prophylaxis as well as assessment of its efficacy based on the level of accumulated rabies vi­ rus neutralizing antibodies (VNA) currently occupy one of the leading positions in the modern system of veterinary and sanitary measures against rabies [4, 10, 12]. Proper and timely vaccination contains the spread of the disease and significantly reduces possible economic losses. Both live and inactivated vaccines are used for rabies preven­ tion [2, 7, 9, 11]. The main means to combat infection in SUMMARY Rabies cases are still reported in various mammal species in the Russian Federation. Wild carnivores contacting with domestic and farm animals and transmitting the pathogen to them are the main source and natural reservoirs of rabies. The highest level of rabies incidence in livestock is observed among cattle. Thus, 158 new outbreaks were reported in the Russian Federation in 2017 where the virus was identified in cattle. Rabies specific prophylaxis as well as assessment of its efficacy based on the level of accumulated anti-rabies virus neutralizing antibodies currently occupy one of the leading positions in the modern system of veterinary and sanitary measures against rabies. The paper presents the study results confirming efficacy and safety of three inactivated rabies vaccines based on the “ARRIAH” strain and intended for rabies prevention in cattle. The adsorbed and two emulsion rabies vaccines, formulated with different adjuvants demonstrated innocuity and safety, and induced post-vaccination immunity in all immunized animals at day 21 post inoculation. The mean titers of anti-rabies antibodies were as follows: for inactivated adsorbed vaccine – 4.02 ± 0.76 IU/cm3; for inactivated emulsion vaccines – 16.30 ± 2.03 and 20.73 ± 3.39 IU/cm3. As compared with the adsorbed vaccine, the emulsion vaccines formulated with Montanide ISA 206 and ISA 70 adjuvants induce stronger immunity.

ASSESSMENT OF EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF INACTIVATED RABIES VACCINES BASED ON “ARRIAH” STRAIN AND FORMULATED WITH DIFFERENT ADJUVANTS IN CATTLE