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espanolEl tizon comun bacteriano Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli es una enfermedad que ataca al cultivo de frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris), se encuentra presente 83% de las areas de produccion de semilla y hasta 79% en campos comerciales y reduce los rendimientos hasta 55%. La inoculacion de Rhizobium en plantas como promotor de crecimiento vegetal, fijador de nitrogeno, a la sintesis del acido indolacetico, producen en la planta mayor vigor y tolerancia a las enfermedades. Se determino el comportamiento de la incidencia y severidad del tizon comun de plantas de frijol inoculadas con Rhizobium phaseoli y X. axonopodis pv. phaseoli. Para ello se aislaron cepas de Rhizobium (FM-1, N-2, PS-3, M-4, BJ-5) de nodulos radiculares de plantas de frijol y Xanthomonas (Xant 1) de manchas foliares necroticas. Los aislados se identificaron con base en caracteristicas morfologicas celulares, coloniales y bioquimicas. Los ensayos en invernadero y en campo, se efectuaron en semillas inoculadas con 106 ufc mL-1 de Rhizobium y una segunda aplicacion a los 10 dias despues de la siembra. Posteriormente 15 dias despues de la emergencia del frijol se inoculo por aspersion Xanthomonas axonopodis directamente a la planta. Transcurridos 30 dias del cultivo en invernadero se observo que la severidad del tizon comun fue inferior en plantas con presencia de nodulos en raiz (14.5%), que en el testigo (46%), tambien se encontro que las plantas inoculadas con Rhizobium phaseoli BJ-5 desarrollaron mayor vigor, diametro de tallo, peso seco, numero de hojas y longitud de raiz. En campo, la inoculacion con la cepa BJ-5 mostro menor severidad (25.6%) respecto al testigo (55.8%) y resulto tener mejor crecimiento en la planta. La inoculacion de frijol con Rhizobium phaseoli permite favorecer nutricional y fitosanitariamente al cultivo. Palabras clave: control biologico, fitosanitario, promotor de crecimiento EnglishThe common bacterial blight Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli is a disease that attacks the bean crop (Phaseolus vulgaris), is present 83% of the areas of seed production and up to 79% in commercial fields and reduces yields up to 55%. The inoculation of Rhizobium in plants as a promoter of plant growth, nitrogen fixer, to the synthesis of indoleacetic acid, produces in the plant greater vigor and tolerance to diseases. The behavior of the incidence and severity of common blight of bean plants inoculated with Rhizobium phaseoli and X. axonopodis pv. phaseoli. For this, strains of Rhizobium (FM-1, N-2, PS-3, M-4, BJ-5) of root nodules of bean plants and Xanthomonas (Xant 1) of necrotic leaf spots were isolated. The isolates were identified based on cellular, colonial and biochemical morphological characteristics. The greenhouse and field trials were carried out on seeds inoculated with 106 cfu mL-1 of Rhizobium and a second application 10 days after planting. Subsequently, 15 days after emergence of the bean, Xanthomonas axonopodis was inoculated directly by sprinkling directly into the plant. After 30 days of greenhouse cultivation, it was observed that the severity of common blight was lower in plants with nodules in the root (14.5%), than in the control (46%), it was also found that plants inoculated with Rhizobium phaseoli BJ -5 developed greater vigor, stem diameter, dry weight, number of leaves and root length. In the field, the inoculation with strain BJ-5 also showed lower severity (25.6%) compared to the control (55.8%) and it turned out to have better growth in the plant. The inoculation of beans with Rhizobium phaseoli allows the crop to be nutritionally and phytosanitarily favored. Keywords: biological control, phytosanitary, promoter of growt

Incidencia y severidad del tizón común en plantas de frijol inoculados con Rhizobium phaseoli