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Background and aim: Oral microbiota could proliferate the microspace between the implant and abutment, thereby cause inflammation in the peri-implant tissues and adjacent bone. This study aimed to investigate the effect of two types of abutments (zirconia and titanium) on microleakage at implant-abutment interface area under oblique cyclic loading in vitro. Materials and methods:In this in vitro study, 12 implant-abutment assemblies were used, each containing six sets with either zirconia or titanium abutments and vertically mounted in the modified resin blocks of autopolymerized polyester base. The specimens were then subjected to oblique cyclic loading of 75 N at a 30 ± 2 degrees angle to the longitudinal axis of the implant with a frequency of 1 Hz in 500,000 cycles, equivalent to 20 months of human mastication. To determine the penetration of fuchsine into the implant-abutment interface, the implants were cut by cutting machine from the middle. Then, the rate of penetration of fuchsine in each sample was measured by a stereomicroscope with a magnification of 75 × at three points of each semicircle, and the average of these six points was recorded as a microleakage. For comparison of the microleakage after loading, t test was used. All tests were performed in SPSS ver.22 software and a significant level of 0.05 was considered. Results: The amount of microleakage after oblique cyclic loadingwas statistically significantly higher in the zirconia abutments (66.08±11.66) compared to the titanium abutments (39.17±10.65)following force application (P = 0.002). Conclusion: The microleakage following oblique cyclic loading is different depending on the type of abutment, so that the titanium abutments showed significantly less microleakage than the zirconia abutments.

Comparative Evaluation of Microgap at the Interface of Titanium and Zirconium Abutments Following Oblique Cyclic Loading: An in vitro Study