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Heavy metals are found to be the most important and most hazardous pollutants in Ecotoxicologic researches (1) and due to some properties such as toxicity, carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, long half-life and high stability, accumulation and biomagnification in the trophic levels are measured as one of the major threats to human health and other living organisms (2,3). This calls for extensive scientific research into the assessment of concentration, toxicity, ecological risk, the risks and natural and human threats posed by the entry of heavy metals and other toxic and dangerous pollutants into the environment. The toxicity and dangers of pollutants, such as heavy metals, for living organisms depend on various factors such as concentration, mode and duration of exposure to the substance (1). A-R-T-I-C-L-EI-N-F-O A-B-S-T-R-A-C-T Article Notes: Received: Jul 20, 2018 Received in revised form: Oct 25, 2018 Accepted: Nov 8, 2018 Available Online: Nov 25, 2018 Background & Aims of the Study: The present research aims to use sediment quality indices in the assessment of toxicity and ecological risk factors of heavy metals Pb, Cu and Zn in Anzali, Meighan, Shadegan and Hashilan wetlands. Material & Methods: Given the environmental conditions, surface sediments in 71 diverse stations were sampled in three replications. Having preparation and subjected to acid digestion of sediment samples, 0.5 g of each sample was digested with a mixture of nitric acid and super-pure ratio of 4 to 1 perchloric acid. Finally the concentration of these metals was determined using the contrAA 700 Analytic Jena Atomic absorption spectroscopy. Results: The results of the potential acute toxicity and the ecological risk of the considered metals indicated low toxicity and risk. Also, the outcomes of Modified Hazard Quotient (mHQ) indicated a low to moderate pollution risk in Anzali wetland, very low pollution in Shadegan wetland, and in Meighan wetland for Pb and Cu, low pollution to very low and for Zn metal it showed low to high pollution. In Hashilan wetland Modified Hazard Quotient for Pb and Zn showed very low pollution and for Cu it was negligible to moderate among others. Conclusion: However, the growth of urbanization and the increase of various anthropogenic activities such as agriculture, urban, industrial ... within the wetland basin (draining area) and entry of untreated urban and rural sewage requires urgently continuous monitoring of wetlands as well as the assessment of their health risks and ecological risk among others.

Survey of Modified Hazard Quotient, Potential Ecological Risk Factor and Toxicity Units of Heavy Metals in Surface Sediments of Some Wetlands of Iran