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Old wooden house quarters are interesting envi­ ronments. There are verges, gardens and small parks, which may have been relatively untouched. Botanical studies in such environments in Fin­ land have revealed diverse flora and more un­ common species compared with modern urban environments (e.g. Majuri 1996). Urban macro­ fungi are more poorly documented than plants. Niemelä and Erkkilä (1983, 1986) have studied polypores in the city of Helsinki extensively, and saprophytes on trees have been mapped out in the city centre of Turku (Blomqvist & Häkkilä 1995). Still, the only reports of urban terrestrial agarics in Finland are from the Botanical Garden of Helsinki (Korhonen 1983), from a nearly virgin wood in the suburban Helsinki (Kotiranta & Saarenoksa 1987), and from southeastern Finland at the end of the 19th century (Thesleff 1920). In some other European countries, especially in Po­ land and Holland, urban agarics have been stud­ ied better. The recent studies deal with diversi­ ties of macrofungi in urban parks, centres of towns, or roadside verges (Stasi ̧ska 1994, Keiz­ er & Arnolds 1995, £uszczy ̧ski 1997, Adema 1999, Savino et al. 1999). Urban mycofloras have turned out to be surprisingly rich. In this study macrofungi were recorded in the fire alleys within the old wooden house quarters of a small Finnish town during one mushroom season. The back streets of my childhood invited me to explorations. I was delighted. So many var­ ious agarics showed up. Possible reasons for the observed high species richness are thoroughly discussed.

Macrofungi in fire alleys in old quarters of Nurmes, Eastern Finland