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The basis for any mycological work is primarily to have the pure culture of the fungus. The majority of the basidiomycetous cultures have been obtained through isolation from the fruit bod y tissue but for some special cases the basidiospores, "f'hizomorphs, mycorrhizas, infected wood or other substrates have been imployed. However, pure cultures of all Basi diomycetes species have not been obtai ned so far. Many species , viz. from the genera Bole..tt.L.6, Ru...6.6ula., La.c.ta..JU.u.&, C.Woc.ybe., CoJL.ti.naJt..i.u6 and other simp I y do not grow under artificial conditions. Mycorrhizal fungi, when grow in pure culture , are generally very slow. The best organismus thus seems to be the wood inhabiting fungi, cul t ures of which are growing rather fast and many of the species even form fruit-bodies spontaneousl.y. Prosperity of the isolation Is affected by some external factors, such as the weather before and during the coll ection of fruit-bodies, the stage of fruit-bodies, the inte r val between collection and isolation , and the composition of cultivated medium . The isolation is competed by the identification of the obtained culture. Since no key to the cultures of Basidiomycetes exists so far, not onl y macroscopic and microscopic cha r acterization but also the comparative study with the existing strains in different collections is necessary.

Techniques and problems of the isolation of pure cultures of Basidiomycetes