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Background: Current dietetic practice in Australia aimed at reducing risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) provides dietary advice to Asian populations which often involves meal suggestions that are culturally inappropriate thus decreasing compliance with dietary advice. The aim of this project was to modify traditional high GI Asian breakfast meals to lower GI versions and to develop culturally acceptable meal options that could help with glycaemic control in South East (SE) Asian and Chinese populations. The cultural appropriateness of the modified test meals was also determined. Methods: Twenty participants were recruited and placed into either the SE Asian group (n = 12) or the Chinese group (n = 8) based on their self-identified ethnic background. Participants were assigned to the modified traditional breakfast meal (either SE Asian or Chinese) or porridge oats in a randomised crossover design. Each meal was matched for macronutrient composition and provided 50g of available carbohydrate. Measurements of blood glucose, appetite and satiety and cultural appropriateness of the meals were taken over a 3 h postprandial period. Results: There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) in glycaemic response between the modified SE Asian breakfast meal and the porridge oats (173 ± 61 vs 152 ± 61 mmol.min/L, respectively) or between the modified Chinese meal and the porridge oats (163 ± 74 vs 144 ± 67 mmol.min/L, respectively) using repeated measures ANOVA. Qualitative analysis found that preparation time was a key determinant of breakfast choice in both groups. Conclusion: These results indicate that small modifications to traditional meals may be a viable alternative option in diabetes prevention.

Analysis of the Glycaemic Response and Cultural Appropriateness of Modified Traditional Asian Breakfast Meals