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Resumen El articulo analiza algunos de los retos que se plantean a los programas de doctorado en el siglo XXI. Tras explicar la naturaleza de todo doctorado, se describe la situacion actual de estos estudios en algunos paises destacados del mundo: tanto en cuanto al numero de alumnos como en cuanto a otros rasgos sociales. En el ultimo apartado, el mas extenso, se plantean algunas de las tendencias actuales en la configuracion de los programas de doctorado (curriculo, duracion, enfoque pedagogico), incidiendo en la importancia del cosmopolitismo, la interdisciplinariedad, el aprendizaje a traves del modelo de tutoria, o la articulacion de una comunidad intelectual que aliente el trabajo de los estudiantes de doctorado. Abstract The article analyzes some of the challenges of doctoral programs in the XXI century. After explaining the nature of all PhD, it is described the current situation of these studies in some leading countries around the world: in terms of the number of students as well as in terms of other social features. In the last section, the largest one, there were mentioned some of the current trends in shaping doctoral programs (curriculum, duration, pedagogical approach), stressing the importance of cosmopolitanism, interdisciplinary, learning through the tutoring model, or the articulation of an intellectual community to encourage the work of doctoral students.

Retos formativos y pedagógicos del doctorado en el siglo XXI / Training and educational challenges of the XXI century Ph.D.