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The history of natural gem diamond formation that genetically related with impact events followed by shock, progressive and regressive metamorphism of target rock areas has been deduced by data obtained by complex nondestructive spectroscopic methods: Raman spectroscopy, PLS, CLS, IRS and also mineralogical and literature data. About 200 representative natural gem diamonds have been picked out from investigated thousands samples: colorless, yellow, brown colors, 0.03 – 1.60 carat weight, zoning with cubic internal morphology of crystal centers graduated to cubo-octahedral and octahedral forward to intermediate and rim zones, mineral inclusions in central zones were represented by tiny inclusions of graphite, ∝-Fe, Ni-Fe, sulfides etc., intermediate – by peridotitic, eclogitic and UHP minerals, often surrounded by discoid fractures and melt inclusions; rim zones – association of secondary minerals and gas/fluid inclusions. Diamond zones were differentiated by C and N isotopic compositions and also N content and N aggregation state. All diamond crystals had dislocations, plastic deformation, discoid fractures around inclusions and birefringence.

History of natural diamond formation based on defect characteristics detected by spectroscopic methods