English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Running simulation models is CPU intensive. In computing expensive tasks such as parameter screening, sensitivity and risk analysis (uncertainty analysis) and production optimization, it can be useful to establish a simple surrogate model (proxy model) that mimics the simulation model with regard to a specific target value (for example, total production) in order to reduce the computing time and to study the available uncertainties in the reservoir and their impacts on production.&#x0D;Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) are one of the main tools used in machine learning. The quality of the ANN as a proxy model is dependent on how the experiments that were used to make and train it are designed. In particular, it is crucial to understand the input parameters such that their respective dependencies, correlations, and ranges are incorporated in the modelling. A combination of simulation runs should be set up that can be used to train the ANN. This task is usually referred to as the design of experiments (DOE) which gives the most informative data sets to train ANN.&#x0D;In this study DOE was used to train the ANN in an oil reservoir under gas injection scenario and the trained ANN, in turn, was applied to create the production profiles which were further used for risk analysis.&#x0D;The accuracy of the results obtained in this study indicates that ANN as a proxy model combined with DOE as a sampling method for training purpose is a fast and reliable tool that can replace the simulator. This dynamic proxy model can be used for risk analysis, production optimization and production forecasting of oil reservoirs under Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) methods.

ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK WITH EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: A FAST TOOL FOR RISK ANALYSIS AND FORECASTING IN AN OIL RESERVOIR, A CASE STUDY