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The development of science and technology now greatly affects all aspects of human life, especially in higher education (De Jong et al., 2004). Higher education now has begun to apply to learn using the internet or called online learning or e-learning (Herrington, 2009). Likewise, learning sources or teaching resources that are used in universities have implemented electronic-based, both using online classes, electronic books (e-books), and interactions between videos (Smith, 2012). All this is due to the rapid development of the digital world. In determining the learning model also depends on the media and type of books to be used by lecturers, lecturers must be able to apply learning models that are appropriate to the characteristics of students (Ogata et al., 2017). Especially in the type of learning resources used, lecturers are required to teach following the latest technological developments (Grant, JM (2004). This rate of development will facilitate the learning system built in a tertiary institution by providing easy internet access (Olsen et al., 2013). Students are given adequate internet access so that they can learn through online classes, virtually, face-to-face does not have to meet directly with lecturers, students can learn through e-books available in digital libraries (Ciampa, K. (2012). Lecturers only provide instructions learning, assessment, and other technical aspects so that students are guided in learning (Appleton, L. (2005b). The availability of e-books in various digital libraries has a positive impact on the progress of science in other parts of the world, as implemented by lecturers in European countries in online meetings with students, online distance learning courses, students are forged to study independently without must meet face to face (Korat, O., & Shamir, A. (2012). Laptops, computers, and mobile devices are tools used to be able to explore learning resources that are available for free in digital book libraries (Nie, 2011). Students can easily download e-books quickly and use them to learn via laptop, computer, or mobile. An e-book is a type of electronic book that can only be read digitally on a computer screen, a particular e-book reader, personal digital assistant (PDA), or even a cellphone (Nelson, 2008). E-books are e-content based learning object types whose benefits can include: hyperlinking, nonlinearity, data density, adjustment capabilities, greater distribution, low cost, search capabilities, and other multimedia features (Shiratuddin, Hassan, & Landoni, 2003 ). Buzzetto et al. (2007) explained that e-books were introduced in the late 1990s, the slow pace of e-book growth. E-books are believed to have come to change the way we understand reading and represent the future of reading in this digital age; critics explain that reading on screen is an unpleasant experience that has, and will continue to, inhibit e-book growth (Weeks, 2002). According to Prensky (2001), the generation entering tertiary education, "Millennials," is ARTICLE HISTORY

The Critical Thinking Abilities in Learning Using Elementary Algebra E-Books: A Case Study at Public Universities in Indonesia