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The adrenal glands are paired and located in the retroperitonealspace, above the upper pole of the kidney. Adrenal tumors depending onthe histopathological structure, may be divided into: epithelial, mesenchymal,lymphoid and adrenal medulla tumors. Depending on the etiology, distinguishesbetween tumors, inflammatory tumors, true adrenal cysts, pseudocysts andparasitic adenomas and proliferative processes. The adrenal incydentaloma is apathological tissue in the adrenal gland, with a diameter of ≥ 1 cm, diagnosedduring diagnostics for reasons other than adrenal pathology.Aim: The work aims to discuss the latest available diagnostic and therapeuticmethods of incidentalomas, which are an increasing clinical problem, due to theincreasing availability of imaging ultrasonography and computed tomography.Material and methods: The paper was based on the available literature ofthe subject, magazines and the latest guidelines.Results and discussion: In diagnosing adrenal tumors, imaging diagnostics(ultrasonography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance, positron emissiontomography, scintigraphy, fine needle aspiration biopsy), hormonal (ACTH, cortisol,dexamethasone suppression tests, diurnal excretion of free cortisol in urineand/or 17 hydroxycorthoroids, plasma renin activity, aldosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, androstenedione, 17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, chromogranin A, metanephrins in plasma and excreted in urine and biochemic. Adrenalglands may have hormonal activity: a pheochromocytoma usually produces adrenalineand norepinephrine, and rarely dopamine; adrenocortical tumors thatexcessive produce cortisol cause ACTH-independent Cushing’s syndrome; adrenaltumors may also secrete excess aldosterone and androgens.Conclusions:  Adrenal incydentaloma are common in everyday clinical practiceand its treatment is established on the basis of interviews, physical examination,tumor phenotype in computed tomography and tumor hormonal activity

Diagnostics and treatment of adrenal tumors detected accidentally