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La adolescencia es una etapa de experimentacion de conductas oposicionistas y/o desafiantes. Los problemas de comunicacion, el aislamiento emocional y la carencia de afecto familiar se transforman en factores de riesgo para el consumo de alcohol. El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar los factores de riesgo para el consumo de alcohol en los estudiantes de primero, segundo y tercer ano de bachillerato de colegios de Guayaquil. A una muestra de 636 adolescentes de los tres anos de bachillerato se le aplico una encuesta disenada para el estudio, aprobada por un comite de Bioetica (COBI) que incluyo el AUDIT y el APGAR familiar, autoadministrable. Se utilizo estadistica descriptiva y asociacion de variables con un nivel de confianza del 95% y una p significativa <0,05. Se empleo el programa SPSS version 21 y la prueba Chi cuadrado. Los resultados indican que el 52% de los adolescentes se expuso al alcohol alguna vez en su vida y el 65% presento disfuncion familiar de algun grado, siendo esto mas evidente en el grupo donde no habia satisfaccion con la forma en que el nucleo familiar respondia a sus necesidades de comunicacion y afecto. En este estudio se pretende desarrollar estrategias que fomenten la toma de decisiones saludables y mejoren el bienestar emocional de adolescentes. Abstract Adolescence is a stage of experimentation of oppositional and/or defiant behaviors. Communication problems, emotional isolation and lack of family affection become risk factors for consumption of alcohol. The objective of this research is to identify the risk factors for alcohol consumption in students of first, second and third year of high schools in Guayaquil. A survey approved by a Bioethics committee was applied to 636 adolescents from first, second and third year of high school that included the AUDIT and family APGAR, which is self-administered. Descriptive statistics and variables association were used with a confidence level of 95% and a significant p < 0,05. It was executed the software SPSS version 21 and the Chi Square test was applied. The results show that 52% of teens were exposed to alcohol consumption some time in their life and also 65% had some degree of family dysfunction, being this more evident in the group where there is no satisfaction with the way the household responded to their communication and affection needs. This research attempts to develop strategies to encourage healthy decision-making to and improve the emotional wellbeing of teenagers.

La familia y los amigos como riesgo de consumo de alcohol en adolescentes / Family and friends as risk for alcohol consumption in adolescents