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Se realizo un estudio fitoquimico de metabolitos secundarios, actividad antimicrobiana y letal del extracto metanolico de las partes botanicas de Lippia citriodora K (cedron). Se detecto la presencia taninos, polifenoles, triterpenos y esteroles insaturados para las hojas, flores y tallo; fenilpropanoides y catequinas para tallos y flores; alcaloides para hojas y flores; saponinas para  hojas y tallos. Ademas, las flores exhibieron la presencia de cumarinas y metilencetonas. Todos los extractos metanolicos mostraron una accion bactericida alta contra cepas de Escherichia coli , Staphylococcus aureus y Pseudomonas aeruginosa , a excepcion del extracto de las flores que exhibio una actividad antibacteriana moderada o mediana contra cepas de S. aureus . Ademas, se observo un efecto antifungico moderado del extracto de las hojas, y una actividad alta de los extractos del tallo y flores, contra la cepa del hongo Candida albicans . Todos los extractos mostraron letalidad significativa (<1000 µg/ml) frente a nauplios de Artemia salina a las 24 h de exposicion (168,77, 82,19 y 172,76 µg/ml para las hojas, tallo y flores, respectivamente); donde el extracto del tallo presento mayor letalidad con CL 50 de 82,19 µg/ml, considerado altamente toxico segun CYTED. Se puede inferir que la especie L. citriodora es una fuente promisoria de metabolitos secundarios bioactivos con actividad farmacologica. Abstract This research was based on a phytochemical study of secondary metabolites, lethal and antimicrobial activity of methanolic extract of botanical organs  Lippia citriodora K (lemon verbena). It was detected the presence of tannins, polyphenols, triterpenes and unsaturated sterols for leaves, flowers and stem; phenylpropanoids and catechins for stems and flowers; alkaloids for leaves and flowers; saponins for leaves and stems. In addition, the flowers exhibited the presence of coumarins and methylenketones. Methanolic extracts showed high bactericidal action against strains of Escherichia coli , Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa , in the antimicrobial bioassay, except for the flowers which exhibited moderate activity against S. aureus strains. Furthermore, moderate antifungal effect was observed for leaves extract and high activity for stem and flowers extracts against the strain of Candida albicans fungus. All extracts showed significant lethality (<1000 μg/ml) against A. salina nauplii at 24 h of exposure (168.77, 82.19 and 172.76 μg/mL for leaves, stems and flowers, respectively); where the methanolic extract of the stem showed the highest lethality with LC 50 value of 82.19 μg/ml, considered highly toxic according to CYTED. It can be inferred that L. citriodora is a promising source of bioactive secondary metabolites with pharmacological activity.

ciencia unemi/ciencia unemi (en línea)

Fitoquímica De Lippia Citriodora K cultivada en Ecuador y su actividad biológica.// Phytochemistry of Lippia citriodora K grown in Ecuador and its biological activity