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This article proves that the basis of a fair verdict in a jury trial is the jury's conscience. The jury trial is the best guarantee of the rights and freedoms of a person suspect or accused, the best form of judicial process and trial. This court is the best guarantee of equality and justice. The work is based on such methods as historical, systemic, formally logical, concrete-historical, comparative legal analysis method. History knows many forms of popular participation in court. We believe that the jury trial is the most progressive and democratic form able to ensure a proper implementation and, in general, performance of all principles of judicial organization and judicial proceedings. Our society is morally obliged to protect its institution, and, in particular, the jury trial, and the government of any state that has the great honor of introducing this institution should firmly adhere to the once adopted intention to instill an institution that has shown its great virtues for centuries in society. We come to the conclusion that the jury is one of the central criminal justice institutions, having many centuries of practical experience. A whole range of legal principles, such as the presumption of innocence, adversariality, independence of judges, publicity, equality, justice, etc., are most fully reflected in the jury trial. And the most complete implementation of these principles is possible only within the framework of this democratic institution.

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The Conscience of the Jury as a Basis for Delivering a Fair Verdict in Accordance with the Judicial Reform of 1864 in Russia (Historico-Juridical Research)