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We present a novel approach for tailoring the laser induced surfacetopography upon femtosecond-fs pulsed laser irradiation. The method employsspatially controlled double fs laser pulses to actively regulate thehydrodynamic microfluidic motion of the melted layer that gives rise to thestructures formation. The pulse train used, in particular, consists of apreviously unexplored spatiotemporal intensity combination including one pulsewith Gaussian and another with periodically modulated intensity distributioncreated by Direct Laser Interference Patterning (DLIP). The interpulse delay isappropriately chosen to reveal the contribution of the microfluidic melt flow,while it is found that the sequence of the Gaussian and DLIP pulses remarkablyinfluences the surface profile attained. Results also demonstrate that both thespatial intensity of the double pulse and the effective number of pulses perirradiation spot can further be modulated to control the formation of complexsurface morphologies. The underlying physical processes behind the complexpatterns generation were interpreted in terms of a multiscale model combiningelectrodynamic excitation with melt hydrodynamics. We believe that this workcan constitute a significant step forward towards producing laser inducedsurface structures on demand by tailoring the melt microfluidic phenomena.

Ultrashort pulsed laser induced complex surface structures generated by tailoring the melt hydrodynamics