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Objective: To examine the relation of age to sustained cognitive competence in late life among men who underwent a prospective, multidisciplinary assessment from age 19 to 95, with little attrition except death and dementia. Method: A prospective 75-year study of 268 Harvard College sophomores was begun in 1939 with data points every 2-5 years and with multiple blinded raters. Measurements included assessment of childhood environment, objective mental and physical health over time, vascular risk factors and exercise. At age 80 the surviving 142 men, were assessed using the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS). Cognitive status was reassessed at ages 85, 90 and 95. Results: The observed incidence of dementia (14 per 1,000-person years) (age 76-85) was about half that expected. Between age 80 and 90 the mean TICS score the 40 still surviving, cognitively competent men had declined only 0.65 of a point. Between ages 80 and 95 the mean TICS score of the 11 surviving cognitively competent men had declined only 0.55 of a point over 15 years. In both groups almost, half of the men’s TICS scores had not declined at all-or even increased. Conclusions: Excluding those men developing dementia or MCI, age per se from 80 to 95 did not appear to play a very significant role in cognitive decline among unusually long-lived, highly educated men.

Sustained Cognitive Competence Between Age 80 and 95: A Prospective Study