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A decoction of Imperata cylindrical root is used by some traditional medical practitioners among the Igbo people for the treatment of erectile dysfunction due to diabetes mellitus. Thus the present study analysed the effect of an aqueous extract of Imperata cylindrical roots on blood glucose and testosterone levels in diabetic Wister rats to establish the pharmacological basis for this folkloric practice. Diabetes mellitus was induced by intra peritoneal injection of Alloxan Monohydrate and the diabetic rats were thereafter treated with oral doses of the aqueous extract of Imperata cylindrical root once in a day for 28 days consecutively. After the 28th day, rat blood sugar was analysed and serum collected for the analyses of the testosterone level. The induction of diabetes mellitus led to a decrease in the testosterone level. However, different doses of the extract of Imperata cylindrica caused dose dependent increases in the testosterone levels which were found to be statistically significant compared to the control after treatment for 28 days (P<0.05 <0.0001). Conversely, the sugar levels were significantly reduced by the extracts. Phytochemical analyses of the aqueous extract of Imperata cylindrica root indicate the presence of carbohydrates and flavonoids. Flavonoids have been found to possess antidiabetic properties as a result of their modulatory effects on blood sugar transporter by enhancing insulin secretion, reducing apoptosis and promoting proliferation of pancreatic β-cells, reducing insulin resistance, inflammation and oxidative stress in muscle. They have also been found to be involved in the onset of penile erection and improved sexual performance.

The Effect of Imperata Cylindrica Root Aqueous Extracts on Serum Testosterone Levels of Hyperglycemic Rats