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Background: γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (γ-GCS) is an important enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of phytochelatins and plays an important role in the detoxification of heavy metals. Results: The present work assessed the ability of γ-GCS transgenic tobacco plants in detoxifying heavy metal cadmium. A γ-GCS cDNA clone was transformed from the highly cadmium-tolerant plant Pakchoi (Brassica chinensis) into tobacco plants under the control of the 35S promoter using the Agrobacterium-mediated leaf disk transformation method. The γ-GCS gene was successfully transcribed in the transgenic plants, indicated by reverse transcription PCR analysis. To assess heavy metal tolerance, 15 transgenic and 10 non-transgenic plants were grown in pot culture system and challenged with 100 μmol/L of cadmium. Higher cadmium accumulation was found in the transgenic plants than that in the non-transgenic plants. Moreover, more cadmium was accumulated in the roots than in the leaves of the transgenic plants. Analyses of physiological indexes, such as malondialdehyde content, peroxidase activity, superoxide dismutase activity, and proline content, revealed that the transgenic tobacco plants were superior to non-transgenic tobacco plants in resistant physiological indexes. Conclusion: These results indicated that the expression of γ-GCS enhanced the cadmium accumulation ability as well as resistant physiological indexes of the transgenic tobacco plants.

Enhancement of Cadmium Tolerance in Transgenic Tobacco Plants by Transferring a γ-glutamylcysteine Synthetase Gene