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Introduction Urban transport greatly impacts citizen's welfare (OCDE, 2004). Traffic jams greatly impact people working in cities or metropolitan areas situated in the developed countries (Gwilliam, 2002). In addition to being priced competitively, the public transport must offer comfort and security to the passengers. The COTEC Report (1998) indicated that the transport in the twenty first century would be centered on a great demand of service and versatility. In addition, it will need to comply with clear environmental restrictions and budget and competitive exigencies. These requirements lead to a systematic implementation of technological improvements in which telecommunication networks play an essential role. According to the COTEC Report, the number of trajectories at the end of the year 2010 will double the figures reached in the last part of the ninety century. To cover the increase of demand in the transport, the European Union intends to reach the following objectives: * To increase the levels of security and the creation of value in the transport systems * To develop and integrate new technologies at an European level, especially in the area of the standard advance transport for telecommunications (ATT) * To generate economic benefits of the IT implementation, translated into less traffic jams and savings in accidents * To create new work opportunities, by promoting the innovation through the use of advanced technologies The investments in new transport infrastructures need to cover the potential and real mobility demands. The effectiveness in the management of the system is the only option that allows covering the demand of the citizens' movements (Bayliss & Fox, 2000), and is characterized by the following attributes (Segui & Martinez, 2004): * Security and comfort ability for citizens * Effectiveness: an exhaustive control in the demand and allocation of the resources is required. Public Administrations and the public transport companies have developed a group of actions that try to solve these problems. The Public Administrations put into action Acts that affect the ways in which the service is offered. Transport companies implement Intelligent Transport Aid Systems (ITA systems) to improve the management of the systems. The ITA systems are specific traffic management systems based in an intensive use of information and communication technologies. They allow avoiding the problems associated to traffic jams in urban and inter-urban transports. The application of these systems starts in Europe in the nineties as a sustainable alternative to the problem created by the increasing mobility demand, especially in urban and inter-urban areas. This way the ITA system increases the sustainable mobility by improving the efficiencies in the transport and providing a higher level of security for final users (Segui & Martinez, 2004). The main objective of this research consists of examining the relationships between the investments in ITA systems and the improvement in the final performance reached by public or private urban transport companies operating in local environments. The selection of this research in basically inspired in the following reasons: * The practical nonexistence of studies that put into relation the impact of information and communication technologies (ICT) over public urban transport (Brown, Gatian, & Hicks, 1995; de Pablos Heredero, 2000; Dos Santos & Pfeffers, 1995, Farley, 2007; Floyd & Wooldridge, 1990, Harris & Katz, 1991, Sircar, Turnbow, & Bor doloi, 2000). * The new trend to dissociate social welfare, in terms of GNP per capita, with the intensive use of private transport in the urban areas of important western cities, as for example, New York or Zurich (Newman, 2000). * The analysis coming from the ICT industry (AETIC, 2006) that explains the existence of a positive relationship between the use of ICT and sector productivity, especially in the transport industry. …

Investment in Intelligent Transport Aid Systems and Final Performance