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Anemia is a global public health problem. In Cameroon, the most vulnerable to anemia are children under 5 years of age (60%) and pregnant women (40%). To reduce prevalence of anemia, several approaches have been adopted, including promoting the production and consumption of iron-rich foods/products. The objective of this work was to study the nutritional potential of anti-anemic drinks based on extracts from the leaves of either Manihot esculenta or Graptophyllum pictum consumed by the populations of the city of Yaoundé in Cameroon. Macronutrient contents were determined using the standard A.O.A.C. methods, while mineral contents were analyzed using the atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Bioactive compounds such as total polyphenols, flavonoids, and saponins were analyzed. Vitamin C was determined by the 2,6 dichlorophenol indophenol spectrophotometric method (DCPIP) and the contents of anti-nutrients (tannins, phytates, oxalates, saponins, hydrocyanic acid) quantified using standard methods. The results of these analyses show that the mean protein contents in the studied anti-anemic drinks ranged from 0.64 ± 0.08 g/100 mL to 1.84 ± 0.02 g/100 mL (M. esculenta drink); and 0.25 ± 0.01 g/100 mL (G. pictum drink). Sugar contents ranged from 0.30 ± 0.02 g/100 mL to 0.45 ± 0.01 g/100 mL (M. esculenta drink), and 0.29 ± 0.01 g/100 mL (G. pictum drink). As concerns iron contents, and vitamin C contents were inversely proportional across M. esculenta drinks containing 25% milk (2.29 ± 0.15 mg/100 mL iron; 57.9 ± 0.2 mg/100mL vit C) through 50% milk (1.70 ± 0.03 mg/100 mL iron; 147.19 ± 16.05 mg/100 mL vit C) to 75% milk (1.01 ± 0.11 mg/100 mL iron; 221.1 ± 16.96 mg/100 mL vit C). Likewise, iron and vit C levels in the G. pictum drink were 0.18 ± 0.01 mg/100 mL and 999.1 ± 41.2 mg/100 mL respectively. In general, although some anti-nutrients were detected in the studied anti-anemic beverages, the levels were not significant to pose harm. The principal component analysis revealed that the M. esculenta drink containing 75% milk was relatively the most nutritious of all the studied drinks viewing its contents in Vitamin C, protein and soluble sugars, thus, facilitating intestinal absorption of non-heme iron. Similarly, the G. pictum drink may require optimization of preparation method. Finally, the need for iron-bioavailability studies based on these anti-anemic drinks cannot be over emphasized.

Nutritional potential of anti-anemic drinks based on Manihot esculenta L. or Graptophyllum pictum L. leaf extracts consumed in Yaoundé Cameroon