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Strompfová V., A. Lauková, D. MudroÀová: Effect of Bacteriocin-like Substance Produced by Enterococcus faecium EF55 on the Composition of Avian Gastrointestinal Microflora. Acta Vet. Brno 2003, 72: 559-564. The influence of daily orally administered crude extract of bacteriocin-like substance (at a concentration of 3200 AU/ml) produced by Enterococcus faecium EF55 on the total counts of lactobacilli, staphylococci, enterococci and E. coli in the faeces and caecum of 3-day-old Japanese quails was investigated. Enterococcus faecium EF55 was isolated from the crop content of a chicken (Gallus domesticus). The inhibitory activity of bacteriocin-like substance (BLIS) produced by the strain EF55 was assayed by the agar spot test using Gram-positive and Gram- negative indicator bacteria. A wide range of Gram-positive genera such as Enterococcus, Staphylococcus, Micrococcus, Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, Streptococcus and Aerococcus was susceptible to BLIS, but none of the Gram-negative bacteria. The antimicrobial substance produced by the strain EF55 was thermo-resistant (30 min at 100 °C), stable at pH 4.0 to 9.0 at -20 °C, 4 °C and 22 °C for 10 d tested, and inactivated by proteolytic enzymes indicating its proteinaceous nature. After the first administration of bacteriocin crude extract (BCE) of EF55 strain to Japanese quails, a reduction amounting to 0.83-1.3 log cycles of E. coli, enterococci, staphylococci and lactobacilli in faeces was observed within 24 h. This inhibitory effect was most visible after first extract addition, later this difference was diminished. By agar spot test, BLIS produced by the strain EF55 of Ent. faeciumwas active against Staphylococcusspp., Lactobacillus spp. and Enterococcus spp., isolates obtained from the experimental birds. However, no inhibition against E. coli was detected, despite of their decreased counts under in vivo conditions. Bacteriocin, Japanese quails, gastrointestinal microflora, effect