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Ninety-seven dogs (49 males and 48 females) with thoracolumbar (TL) disc disease which were treated at the Clinic of Surgery and Orthopedics at University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences in Brno from October 1997 till the end of December 1998 were included in this study. A total of 142 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were evaluated. CSF from the cisterna magna (cisterna cerebellomedularis) was collected successfully in all 97 animals. Only 45 samples were obtained from lumbar subarachnoid space in the same patients. The purpose of our study was to determine whether transverse myelopathy due to TL disc protrusion/extrusion may cause elevation of CSF creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities in dogs. Normal values of CSF CK (0.41 +/- 0.43 mu kat/l) and LDH (0.40 +/- 0.28 mu kat/l) activities were determined in 23 healthy dogs. The highest normal enzyme activity was assessed as sigma(Delta 0.95) (mean + 2 SD). Activity of CSF CK greater than or equal to 1.27 mu kat/l, and activity of CSF LDH greater than or equal to 0.96 mu kat/l were considered to be abnormal. Significant differences (Mann-Whitney U-test; p < 0.01) between activities of the two enzymes in the cerebrospinal fluid of healthy dogs and dogs with TL disc extrusion (the mean CSF CK = 2.47 +/- 3.22 mu kat/l; the mean CSF LDH = 1.45 +/- 1.98 mu kat/l) were found. CSF from lumbar and atlantooccipital punctures in 45 patients, in which both the samples were successfully collected, were analyzed and compared statistically. The mean CK activity of the lumbar CSF samples was 2.47 +/- 3.22 mu kat/l; the mean CK concentration of atlantooccipital CSF was 0.50 +/- 0.47 mu kat/l. The mean of lumbar CSF LDH activities was 1.45 +/- 1.98 mu kat/l; the mean of atlantooccipital CSF LDH values was 0.34 +/- 0.32 mu kat/l. Statistical analysis (Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranks test) indicated that differences in the CK and LDH concentrations between CSF samples obtained from the cisterna magna, and from lumbar subarachnoid space were significant (p < 0.01). The dynamics of CSF CK and LDH activities in dogs with disc disease was assessed, as well. The mean of CSF CK activity taken on the first day of paraparesis/paraplegia was 1.47 +/- 1.22 mu kat/l. Creatine kinase in the cerebrospinal fluid had peaked at 48 hours after onset of clinical signs (3.84 +/- 4.95 mu kat/l). On the third and fourth days its activity had significantly decreased (p < 0.01) to 1.76 +/- 2.71 mu kat/l. A second peak was identified (p < 0.05) between day seven and seventeen (3.80 +/- 3.23 mu kat/l). The mean LDH concentration in the CSF on day one was 1.32 +/- 1.28 mu kat/l but its concentration increased significantly (p < 0.01) during the second day of clinical signs (2.36 +/- 3.38 mu kat/l). Mean LDH concentration decreased significantly (p < 0.01) on the third and the fourth days (0.80 +/- 0.33 mu kat/l) without a second peak of activity.

Changes in the Creatine Kinase and Lactate Dehydrogenase Activities in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Dogs with Thoracolumbar Disc Disease